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1.
Object detection performed by Autonomous Vehicles (AV)s is a crucial operation that comes ahead of various autonomous driving tasks, such as object tracking, trajectories estimation, and collision avoidance. Dynamic road elements (pedestrians, cyclists, vehicles) impose a greater challenge due to their continuously changing location and behaviour. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art object detection technologies focusing on both the sensory systems and algorithms used. It begins with a brief introduction on the autonomous driving operations and challenges. Then, different sensory systems employed on existing AVs are elaborated while illustrating their advantages, limitations and applications. Also, sensory systems employed by different research are reviewed. Moreover, due to the significant role Deep Neural Networks (DNN)s are playing in object detection tasks, different DNN-based networks are also highlighted. Afterwards, previous research on dynamic objects detection performed by AVs are reviewed in tabular forms. Finally, a conclusion summarizes the outcomes of the review and suggests future work towards the development of vehicles with higher automation levels. 相似文献
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为应对"三软"煤层综放沿空掘巷围岩稳定性差的问题,通过数值模拟分析、揭示"三软"煤层中锚杆、锚索载荷变化规律及其与围岩变形相互作用关系,为"三软"煤层沿空掘巷锚网支护参数优化提供理论依据,改善了巷道支护状况,降低相邻工作面间保护煤柱压煤率,提高矿井经济效益和社会效益。 相似文献
4.
Wonje Jang Junhyuk Hyun Jhonghyun An Minho Cho Euntai Kim 《IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica》2022,9(1):187-204
The essential requirement for precise localization of a self-driving car is a lane-level map which includes road markings (RMs). Obviously, we can build the lane-level map by running a mobile mapping system (MMS) which is equipped with a high-end 3D LiDAR and a number of high-cost sensors. This approach, however, is highly expensive and ineffective since a single high-end MMS must visit every place for mapping. In this paper, a lane-level RM mapping system using a monocular camera is developed. The developed system can be considered as an alternative to expensive high-end MMS. The developed RM map includes the information of road lanes (RLs) and symbolic road markings (SRMs). First, to build a lane-level RM map, the RMs are segmented at pixel level through the deep learning network. The network is named RMNet. The segmented RMs are then gathered to build a lane-level RM map. Second, the lane-level map is improved through loop-closure detection and graph optimization. To train the RMNet and build a lane-level RM map, a new dataset named SeRM set is developed. The set is a large dataset for lane-level RM mapping and it includes a total of 25157 pixel-wise annotated images and 21000 position labeled images. Finally, the proposed lane-level map building method is applied to SeRM set and its validity is demonstrated through experimentation. 相似文献
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市政道路给排水管道工程设计与施工是一个综合性的过程,要考虑各个方面的影响因素,其工程质量关系着城市运行的稳定性,具有非同寻常的作用。在市政道路给排水工程施工中,需要涉及到多个工艺环节,要合理调控各个环节的连接关系,保证工程的有序施工,严格管控工程质量。 相似文献
7.
山西某矿5308底抽巷在掘进过程中速度慢、效率低,直接影响工作面的瓦斯抽采,为了改善上述情形,对炮孔间距进行研究。通过使用ANSYS软件对不同炮孔间距下快速掘进效果的模拟分析,并经现场验证,得出了适应该矿的最佳炮孔间距。结果表明:炮孔间距为500 mm时,爆破产生裂隙发育范围和岩石损伤区域都最大,快速掘进的效果最好。 相似文献
8.
浇铸过程中,驱动力报警会导致紧急停浇甚至滞坯事故发生。为防止事故发生,通常采用降速、强冷等措施,但降速造成成本浪费,强冷又产生裂纹等质量缺陷,两者都难以满足生产需要。通过对铸机的各项参数对比分析,找到影响驱动力报警的主要原因为辊缝异常,轻压下模型参数、冷却工艺设置不合理等,通过调整二冷工艺、优化模型参数、加强轻压下区域扇形段辊缝维护,可以达到明显降低驱动力、消除报警的目的,从而保证连铸生产稳定。 相似文献
9.
《Oil and Energy Trends》2019,44(8):49-53
Values of net oil imports(-)/exports for Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, Japan, Canada, the United States and Australia. Updated on a monthly basis. Number of imports for Belgium, France, Germany, Greece, Republic of Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and Other EU-15 (EU-15), Norway, Poland, Switzerland, Turkey, and Other Europe (OECD Europe), Canada, Chile, Mexico, and the United States (OECD Western Hemisphere), and Australia, Japan, Republic of Korea, New Zealand, (OECD Asia-Pacific), and Total OECED. Current data for Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, the United Kingdom, Other EU-15 (EU-15), Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Slovakia, Turkey, and Other Europe (OECD Europe), Canada, Mexico, and the United States (OECD Western Hemisphere), Australia, Japan, Republic of Korea, and New Zealand (OECD Asia-Pacific). Updated on a monthly basis. Current data for principal importers of natural gas and the amount in which they import from United States, Republic of Korea, United Kingdom, France, Japan, Italy, Germany and Spain (Table 19.1). Current data for principal exporters of natural gas and the amount they export to Canada, Trinidad and Tobago, the United States, Netherlands, Norway, Russia, Turkmenistan, Qatar, Algeria, Nigeria, Indonesia, Malaysia and Australia (Table 19.2). Updated on a monthly basis. 相似文献